Iodine mumps is a rare side effect of the use of iodine compounds as a contrast material during medical imaging, although the risk of the complication developing is in direct proportion to the amount of iodine used. It is caused when the iodine inflames the parotid glands, two of the main salivary glands. As a result the glands start to swell, giving an appearance to the infectious disease mumps.
The condition will resolve on its own without treatment, but in many cases patients are given an NSAID like ibuprofen to reduce their discomfort.