Chlorambucil is a chemotherapy drug, usually used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Unlike many other chemotherapy agents, it can be taken orally instead of intravenously. It also has fewer side effects, with suppression of the bone marrow and resulting low blood count being the most common. Less commonly, it can cause gastrointestinal distress typical of most chemotherapy agents, as well as neurological reactions such as seizures. However, these symptoms typically disappear or reverse themselves if the drug is discontinued.
It is generally used to treat adults, but can be used with children who have not improved on fludarabine. It is also used to treat other forms of cancer and as an immunosuppressant for autoimmune conditions.