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Burkitt's lymphoma is a cancer of the lymphoid system. It's usually associated with malaria or HIV, but rarely manifests spontaneously. It progresses very quickly.

Because it affects the lymph nodes, it can cause disfiguring tumors in the neck and jaw.

Typical treatment is with chemotherapy which, although very effective against the malignant cells because of their rapid growth, can lead to tumor lysis syndrome. Patients must be closely monitored and well hydrated.

Burkitt's lymphoma at Wikipedia

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